Causes and Consequences of World War I Essay

teaching in inevitability of war and advocacy of war to become tyrannical major(ip) cause for WW1. 5. Anglo-German naval ch wholeenger Britain was supreme at ocean and was ch on the wholeenged by Germany. Britain couldnt coincide this. The rivalry culminated in WW1. 6. absence seizure of inter matter organisation Concert of europium was informal group of commonwealths aftr napoliticoeans charge provided couldnt curtail its member and didnt represent the entire free world. The body of pacific stricttlement of outside(a) disputes objurgate up by the hague conference was unsatisfactory.And couldnt contain imperial rivalries. 7. Negative type of the press in creating war psychological science despite attempts of governments to normalise their relations. 8. Autrian and serbian rivalry Austria-hungary wanted access to sea at the cost of Slav territories and serbia represented slav nationalism. The two had contradictory aims. This lead to a conflict of interest and was enco uraged by the russian czar as well up building grounds for war. 9. Personal ambitions of leader. Kaiser william II of germany, austra-hungary, russian leaders(czar and his wife). 10.The Sarajevo incident Annexation of bosnia-herzegovina by austria in 1908, 2 balkan wars, Italian appropriation of tripolo ,moroccan crisis along with the japanese threat to calmness in the background, the assassination of the crown toll of austria-hungary, archduke franze ferdinand with his wife in sarajevo june,1914 was a target cause for WW1. Consequences The results of the great war were almost as numerous as its causes. By the extirpate of the world war in 1918, american president woodrow wilson proposed pink of my John and do a statement of war aims in his famous 14 points 1.Open pledge of peace,openly arrived at and Abolition of secret fragility 2. Absolute freedom of navigation at sea, outside territorial waters in peace and war except by international action. 3. Removal of eco barrier s and establishment of agree trade conditions 4. Reduction in national armaments to the point only when needed for domesticated security 5. Free,open minded and impartial allowance of all colonial claims 6. excreting of all russia dirt and allowing its to politically develop in acc with her own national policy 7. excretion and restoration of Belgium 8.Same for france and return of alsace and Lorraine to it. 9. modification of italian frontiers along clear declivity of nationality 10. Freest opportunity of autonomous devt for people of austria-hungary 11. Evacuation and restoration of romania,serbia and montenegro and free access to sea for serbia 12. Autonomous devt of the non turkish possessions of the sultan 13. Resurrection of unaffiliated polan with access to sea. 14. Formation of a popular association of nations for the purpose of affording mutual guarantees of pol independence and territorial integrity to polished n great alike.These were accepted solely not follow ed by the european nations of the peace conference and were later rejected by the american senate after woodrow wilson broken his popularity and presented them befre the senate. capital of France peace conference Fightin in WW1 cease with complete crepuscule of germany in nov,1918. Representatives of affiliate and associated powers assembled at paris on 18 jan 1919 to draw a new represent of europe and the world. Selection of paris as venue unfortunate decision. It was done to wreak revenge from germany for the french humiliation at the hall of mirrors in versailles aftr the french defeat in the franco-prussian war.The conference was a victors orderliness as none of the leaders of the thwarted countries attended it as they were allowed no recite in the conference. The conference was dominated by 4 leaders- woodrow wilson, PM lloyd george of britain, PM of france george celemnceau, italian PM vittorio orlando. It was at this conference that the agreement of Versailles was signed, officially ending WW1 on twenty-eighth july 1919. Provisions of regaley of versailles 1. Territorial purvey territorial changes in respect of germany. alsace and lorraine returned to france eupene,malmady and mernet attached to belgium east germany effrontery to posen Parts of western prussia and silesia to poland. Poland given access to to sea at the cost of german by personal manner of corridor in west prussia. port memel and boondocks taken away but indicate undecided. Later given to lithuania. coal mine area of saar demanded by france by nt given to france. Only under flitting discipline of france. Aftr 15 years- plebiscite conducted whether saar wants to go to germany, france or go on with confederacy of nations Ausrtia-hungary broken up into slender states. New austria petty ger speaking landlocked state.Due to fears of france, germany and austria prevented from uniting without permission of league of nations of which france was unending member. small german territory withal given to czechoslovakia. germany also lost all colonies which were taken up by other powers of league of nations. 2. Economic aliment of reparation. struggle remediation cudnt be oblige on germany because a)cost of war borne by affiliate impossible to return for germany b)woodrow wilson against war indemnity since war cost werent only borne by affiliate but also by defeated powers. so ally demanded compensation for indiscriminate bombing and sledding of lives at the hands of germany no collectible amount was fixed. A reparation outfit knack up to determine the point of civilian losses keeping in mind germanys capacity to birth back. germany was to gives horses and cattle to france n belgium and coal to france,belgium n italy. It was to yielding it submarine telegraph cables to allies and surrender all merchant ships more than 1600 tonnes. disrespect on part of germany was punishable by allies customs union amid Luxembourg and germany abolish ed to end german control over luxembourg economy. repartion commission submitted its declare in april 1921 and total amount account payable by germany was 6,600,000,000 pounds. germany ws to giv trade facilities of certain commodities to allies. Acces to sea to Czechoslovakia and Switzerland. german rivers and canal internationalised. 3. Disarmament normal of reduction of build up incorporated in covenant of league. But it was not followed by allied powers. There were severe disarmament provisions for germany that made her a military machine cripple army hold in to 100,000 man and 4000 officers.Recruitment only voluntarily. navy blue limited to 6 battle ships,6 light cruisers,12 destroyers and 12 torpedo boats. No submarines. Strength of navy only 15000 men and 1500 officers. War ships in excess were to be dismantled. debarred from having an air agitate and naval aircrafts. german general stave abolished. Allied control commission set up to supervise enforce of these clauses . caste up ws to be funded by germany again. 4. War and guilt crimes germany declared solely trustworthy for war by article 231 of accordance. german emporer kaiser william II was found guilty of rapine of treaties and international law. He sought chancel in netherlands who refused to hand him over to allies for a trial. german people could never accept that their country alone was accountable for the war. 5. Provisions regarding international organisation initiatory part of treaty provided for the establishment of a world organisation to be know as league of nations. Its constitution,called covenant, was adopted at the paris conference and included all peace treaties. It was to consist of an assembly,council and secretariat. A permanent court of international justice and international labour organisation was to be set up. These bodies were meant to maintain peace,settle international disputes peacefully,punish countries who may let loose the covenant and improve social a nd economical life all over the world. The guarantees of the enforcement of the treat were written in part xiv according to which until successful execution of the treaty the entire Rhineland(west of rhine with bridgeheads) would be occupied by allied powers.Germany was ultimately reduced from a world power to an insignificant small power. She was forced to give up monarchy and accept democracy which was something the country wasnt prompt for. The treaty was so humiliating that the german had sworn revenge for it. The seeds for WW2 had been sown. Hitler later work this situation and imposed dictatorship in 1933 and began rearmament under the excuse that the allies had not reduced their armaments. This led to another arms race,violation of the treaty and eventually culminated in the number world war. Other treaties treaty of st. ermain with austria on the model of treaty of versailles with excpetion of the reparation clause. treaty of neuilly with bulgaria treaty of tianon with hungary treaties of sevres and luasanne with defeated turkey to classify its constituents and reduce military capacity and pay reparation Fall of Ottoman imperium Its fall during the war created many saucily independent middle eastern nation states which were quickly taken over by britain france etc. Economic depression The end of the war also caused a temporary economic bubble which soon popped and led to the great depression.